Many people know they’re pregnant early. For some, if a pregnancy is unwanted, they seek abortion care right away. But what if I don’t see a gestational sac with a yolk sac on an ultrasound? Drs. Siripanth Nippita and Maureen Paul respond.

A patient has a positive urine pregnancy test and says they can’t possibly be pregnant. What do you do next? Any test obtained in a clinic, research, or even in a home setting has the potential to have false positive results. It’s reasonable to start this evaluation with an assessment of how likely it is that the patient might be pregnant. If there is any possibility, then they are likely pregnant until proven otherwise. Here are the next steps in some puzzling scenarios …

Adults of reproductive age (18-45 years) who were assigned female at birth (i.e., born with a vulva and a vagina) frequently ask what screening examinations and tests are recommended for maintaining optimal health. Dr. Carrie Cwiak, Professor of Gynecology and Obstetrics at Emory University, offers the answers to those frequently asked questions.